The recent partial restoration of internet access in Iran, following an 87-day blackout, has sparked a wave of optimism and concern alike. While it marks a significant step towards normalcy, the country's internet remains far from its pre-shutdown state, with many Iranians still facing limited connectivity and slow speeds. This raises the question: is this a temporary respite or a glimpse into Iran's future internet landscape? The answer lies in understanding the underlying dynamics of the country's internet policies and the potential for a tiered system to become the new normal.
The internet shutdown, which began on February 28, was a response to the US strikes in Iran and the subsequent rise in anti-government protests. During this period, the internet was a tool for dissent, and the government sought to control its narrative by restricting access. The partial restoration, as reported by NetBlocks and Kentik's data, indicates that the government has begun to lift some restrictions, allowing for increased internet traffic. However, this is not a full return to normalcy.
One of the most intriguing aspects of this situation is the 'whitelist' system, where select individuals and organizations were granted access to the international internet while the majority were restricted. This system, criticized by Iran Human Rights Monitor as 'digital apartheid', highlights the government's desire to control the narrative and maintain its authority. The fact that key figures like Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi were able to maintain internet access while the rest of the country was disconnected raises questions about the nature of this 'restoration'.
The potential for a tiered internet system in Iran is a concern for digital rights activists and netizens alike. As Kentik's data shows, internet traffic is still far from pre-shutdown levels, and the slow but steady increase in traffic may be a sign of this new reality. The 'whitelist' system, if expanded, could become a permanent feature, limiting the freedom of expression and access to information for the general public. This raises a deeper question about the balance between security and freedom in a country under international pressure.
In my opinion, the partial restoration of internet access is a step in the right direction, but it is not enough to address the underlying issues of internet control and censorship. The government's actions suggest a desire to maintain control over the digital sphere, and the potential for a tiered system to become permanent is a real concern. As the world watches, the future of Iran's internet remains uncertain, with the possibility of a new normal that may not be as open and accessible as we know it today.
